This paper was originally presented at the International Conference “Consciousness Reframed XI – Making Reality Really Real”, Trondheim, November 4 – 6, 2010. It was published in the volume R. Ascott, E. Gangvik, M. Jahrmann (eds.), Making Reality Really Real - Consciousness Reframed XI, Trondheim, TEKS Publishing, 2010
In his article for Noema (Volume 57, 2010) Pier Luigi Capucci draws attention to many of the complexities of simulation. He points to the very intimate nature of simulation for humans because even our oral and written languages are simulations with which we attempt to give the world meaning.
Technically speaking, computer and biological viruses are affiliated to two unbridgeable and well-separated spheres, one prevalently pertaining to the domain of information and the other to the one of carbon-based life. Their material formation contributes to such divergence: while computer viruses are normally fabricated by and partially depending on human agency, biological viruses are mostly understood as naturally occurring.
The idea of “simulation” is a very intriguing, multifaceted and complex issue. Words like “verisimilitude”, “emulation”, “imitation”, “copy”, “reproduction”, “clone”, “replica”… are commonly used.